FORMAL METHODS IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING: ENHANCING SOFTWARE QUALITY AND RELIABILITY

Dr. Sajid Anwar; Prof. Mohammad Ali

Dr. Sajid Anwar Institute of Management Sciences (IMS)
Prof. Mohammad Ali Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Canada

Keywords: Formal methods, software quality, software reliability, verification, model checking, safety-critical systems, concurrent systems, security

Abstract

The ever-increasing complexity of software systems demands robust methodologies for ensuring their quality and reliability. Formal methods, based on mathematical and logical formalisms, offer a unique approach to address this challenge. This article comprehensively explores the role of formal methods in software engineering, highlighting their potential to enhance software quality and reliability. We delve into the theoretical foundations of formal methods, including specification languages, formal verification techniques, and model checking. We then showcase practical applications of formal methods in diverse software domains, such as safety-critical systems, concurrent systems, and security-sensitive applications. The article further examines the challenges and limitations of formal methods, including their increased complexity, learning curve, and scalability concerns. Finally, we discuss the future of formal methods, emphasizing the emergence of new tools and techniques that aim to address these challenges and broaden the applicability of formal methods in the software development landscape.